U.N. sees global hunger easing in 2010

Naushad, 18-months-old and suffering from severe malnutrition, lies on his mother's lap inside their residence in Kalonda village near Sikandrabad district in the northern Indian start of Uttar Pradesh September 6, 2010.

ROME (Reuters) - The number of people in the world suffering chronic malnutrition fell for the first time in 15 years in 2010, but volatile food prices could hamper efforts to fight hunger, the United Nations' food agency said on Tuesday.

The Food and Agriculture Organisation said it did not expect to see a repeat of the 2007/2008 food crisis soon, as stocks and production prospects for cereals were still viewed as adequate but it expressed concern about price rises.

"Larger price volatility, combined with the recent increase in food prices, if it persists, will create additional obstacles to reduce hunger," FAO Director-General Jacques Diouf told a news conference.

The FAO's view that a new emergency was unlikely contrasted with the World Health Organisation, which on Tuesday warned flooding in Pakistan and Russia's drought threatened to spark a food crisis that could endanger the world's poorest people.

About 925 million people are undernourished in 2010, down from a record 1.02 billion last year, which was the highest number in four decades, the FAO said in its report.

It said most of the world's hungry people lived in developing countries, where they account for 16 percent of the population in 2010.

While that marks an improvement from a level of 18 percent in 2009, the FAO warned it was lagging a U.N. target to halve the proportion of undernourished people in developing countries from 20 percent in 1990-92 to 10 percent in 2015.

"The fact that nearly a billion people remain hungry even after the recent food and financial crises have largely passed indicates a deeper structural problem," the FAO said.

"Governments should encourage increased investment in agriculture, expand safety nets and social assistance programmes, and enhance income-generating activities for the rural and urban poor."

SUMMIT GOALS

World leaders are expected to declare at a United Nations summit next week that the set of goals aimed at drastically reducing poverty and hunger worldwide by 2015 are achievable, according to a draft document.

The number of hungry people in the world had been rising for more than a decade, reaching a record in 2009 triggered by the economic crisis and high domestic food prices in several developing countries.

The improvement in food security in 2010 was mainly a result of better access to food due to improving economic conditions, as well as lower food prices after two years of bumper cereal harvests, the FAO said.

But there are others who say the overall situation remains threatening.

Russia imposed a grain export ban last month after a drought ruined swathes of crops while Pakistan is still grappling with floods which have destroyed over 3.4 million hectares of crops.

"With both countries suffering the loss of crops ... we have to anticipate another global crisis of soaring food prices that will hit poor households the hardest," WHO Director General Margaret Chan said in a speech in Moscow.

Chan said the floods in Pakistan had shown the dangers climate change posed for the health of the world's population.

"Sceptics who doubt the reality of climate change would do well to look closely at recent events in China, Pakistan and here in the Russian Federation," she said.

"The downpours, mudslides, floods, heat waves, droughts, wildfires and ruined crops match closely the predictions of climate scientists. These scientists have repeatedly warned the world to expect an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events and this is what we are seeing."

(Additional reporting by Guy Faulconbridge in Moscow; Editing by Janet Lawrence)