China says "carbon tariffs" proposals breach WTO rules

By David Stanway

BEIJING (Reuters) - Proposals to impose "carbon tariffs" on imported products will violate the rules of the World Trade Organisation as well as the spirit of the Kyoto Protocol, China's Ministry of Commerce said.

In a statement posted on its website, the ministry said collecting carbon duties from foreign products would enable developed countries to "protect trade in the name of protecting the environment".

"This will not help strengthen confidence that the international community can cooperate to handle the (economic) crisis, it also will not help any country's endeavours during the climate change negotiations, and China is strongly opposed to it," the statement said.

The statement comes amid a series of complex debates and negotiations about the impact a new global pact to reduce CO2 emissions will have on the international balance of trade.

Concerned their efforts to curb greenhouse gases would put their industries at a competitive disadvantage, the United States, Canada and the European Commission have all put forward proposals to "level the playing field" by raising duties on imports from countries that are not making the same effort.

The U.S. Clean Energy and Security Act, passed by the lower house of Congress on Friday last week, includes provisions allowing the government to take action against trading partners that fail to meet U.S. greenhouse gas standards and thereby gain a competitive advantage -- but not before 2025.

"I think generally they're using this as a means to pressure developing countries to take stronger action on emissions," said Zhang Haibin, a professor of environmental politics at Peking University and an adviser to the Ministry of Commerce on trade and climate change policies.

"But if the United States takes unilateral action without proper multilateral consultations and agreement that could spark big trade disputes, a trade war even," he said.