Undernutrition behind third of child deaths: studies

By Michael Kahn

LONDON (Reuters) - Undernutrition causes more than a third of child deaths worldwide, but simple programs like promoting breastfeeding and providing supplements could keep some of those children alive, experts said on Thursday.

The new figures, which were taken from surveys of some 139 countries and a re-analysis of existing data, are lower than previous estimates attributing 50 percent of childhood deaths to undernutrition -- a severe form of malnutrition, the international team of researchers said.

The researchers estimated that problems relating to a severe lack of food resulted in 2.2 million deaths of children under the age of five in 2005.

Too many children still die needlessly due to a lack of coordination among governments, private donor groups and non-governmental organizations, they wrote in a special series of reports in the journal Lancet.

"This latest Lancet series concludes, not surprisingly perhaps, that the international nutrition system is broken," Richard Horton, the journal's editor, wrote in a commentary. "Leadership is absent, resources are too few, capacity is fragile and emergency responses systems are urgently needed."

Undernourished children who survive face a lifetime of poor health and developmental problems that will hinder them both socially and economically as they grow older, the researchers said.

"We conclude that damage suffered in early life leads to permanent impairment, and might also affect future generations," said Caroline Fall, an epidemiologist at the University of Southampton in Britain, who worked on one of the studies.

"Populations who have been affected by this are not going to be able to climb out of poverty."