Reproductive tourism a growing worry, experts say

By Michael Kahn

LONDON (Reuters) - Thirty years after British doctors delivered the world's first test tube baby, Louise Brown, fertility experts say they must tackle a growing problem of reproductive tourism that puts women and babies at risk.

Cheap flights, open borders and rapid-fire medical advances have in the past few years made it much easier for infertile couples to seek in vitro fertilisation treatments in countries where such procedures cost far less.

The issue, these experts say, is that without an international set of standards to help people choose a safe place to go, too many couples end up taking big risks at clinics that may not have adequate standards.

In some cases, desperate couples may not know where the eggs come from, or a woman comes back pregnant with multiple embryos -- the single biggest risk for mother and child during in vitro fertilisation or IVF, researchers say.

"Governments, patient organizations and doctors should organize awareness campaigns to warn citizens for possible dangers of cross-border care and to inform them of the possibilities," Guido Pennings, an ethicist at Ghent University in Belgium, said at a recent conference.

More than 3.5 million babies have been born worldwide using assisted reproductive technology since July 25, 1978, when University of Cambridge researchers Robert Edwards and Patrick Steptoe delivered Louise Brown by Caesarean -- the world's first test-tube baby.

Most treatments are among women aged between 30 and 39.

But that number is growing even faster these days because more and more women are waiting longer to start having children, and cheaper air travel makes it possible for even more couples to seek IVF.